Nepageidaujamų įvykių valdymas ligoninėje
Abstract
The goal of every health care institution (HCI) is to provide safe and highquality
services to patients, but sometimes the provision of health care (HC) services result in
unavoidable adverse events (AE). AE can harm and cause irreversible health problems to the
patient, so patient safety and AE remain a global concern worldwide.
Recently there has been a growing number of researches both locally and worldwide on
how to ensure patient safety (PS), how to deliver quality services in HC sector, and how to
reduce the number of AE. Council of Europe has issued recommendations on how to improve
HC services, but according to the results of the survey conducted in 2014, AE remain a big
problem in EU countries. Later in 2017, it has been noted that the recommendations were
insufficiently implemented at a national level. The European Commission has pointed out
some shortcomings: lack of cooperation between EU countries, deficiencies in safety culture
implementation, lack of knowledge and skills in analyzing AE.
This article analyzes the success of AE policy implementation in Lithuania, why Lithuania
and the EU countries have created a mandatory AE register, but the registration of these
events is slow, most of them are still unreported, their real number and frequency are still
hidden, and their causes are not analyzed. Based on a case study and qualitative study in one
large hospital, attempts are made to identify the factors of AE management that constitute a
barrier to effective AE management policy in healthcare institutions.
Prerequisites for successful AE management consist of electronisation of AE reporting
system, development and control of quality standards, strategic, continuous and ongoing
leadership of HC administration and staff involvement and their motivation, also adjusted
training, creating organizational culture of confidentiality and learning from mistakes. Some
shortcomings were also noted: lack of knowledge and skills, overcoming fears of being punished
and humiliated, lack of feedback, lack of national AE IT system. This limits the efficiency
of the AE management process both nationally and locally. Successful choice of AE
management model directly depends on the internal policies, operations, and leadership of
HC institution. Well-planned, organized and controlled measures, based on European recommendations,
help to achieve the objectives by monitoring and evaluating their results in
a consistent and long-term manner. It is confirmed, that AE registration and continuous
analysis is key to prevent future AE. Therefore, the basis of EU countries’ AE management
policy is choosing the right AE management model according to the maturity of the system,
which includes the implementation of the reporting system in HC institutions and, most importantly,
the analysis and development of prevention actions. This helps to share experience,
constantly analyze, learn from mistakes, and shape a new approach and PS culture.
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