Užsienio valstybių probacijos tarnybų veikla.
Abstract
The article “Activity of foreign probation services” analyses the peculiarities of work activity of
foreign probation services (probation services – public institutions, not subordinated to police and
prisons, and the name of which comes from alternative kinds of punishment, i.e. probation),
emphasizes qualities that might be applied in the work of Lithuanian system of punishment
enforcement while applying alternatives to custodial penalty. It analyses the place and role of
probation services in the punishment enforcement system, the functions and content of activity of the
probation service staff, their selection and training aspects and practical experience in different
foreign countries, such as USA, England, Wales, Scotland, Sweden, Hungary, Szechia, Japan and
India. Dissociating itself from common theoretical reasoning about significance of the service it
reveals individual experience of every country in the sphere on the ground of penal and of punishment
enforcement laws, of legal practice and opinions and works of foreign scientists and other authors.
The article reveals the content of the activity of probation services at pre-trial and post-conviction
periods in connection with resocialization of inmates which is not implemented by the correctional
inspections – the analogue of foreign probation services subordinated to Prison Department at
Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania. It also analyses social research of the personality of
an offender done by foreign probation services, i.e. four main stages of the research. The article
reviews the content and the significance of social report on an offender, the selection and
presentation of the material. The article also reviews modern methods used directly in practical work
by foreign specialists (eg. “Manupalative techniques”, “Executive technique”, “Guidance technique”,
“Counselling techniques”). Besides individual educational activity it reviews the methods of inmates’
work in groups that are actively used by the workers of probation services. It analyses the tasks and
demands for the workers of foreign probation services: educational attainments, personal and
professional suitability and etc., also deals with in–service training. It also analyses factors and means
that decide the effectiveness of the activity of foreign probation services. Descriptive, comparative and
logical-analytic methods, permitting to formulate concrete suggestions of what should be done in
order the activity of correctional inspections subordinated to the Prison Department at Ministry of
Justice of the Republic of Lithuania gained character of resocialization work, that is for rather a long
time being realized in foreign countries and gives positive results, have been used in the article. Thus
the article analyses factors and means that decide the effectiveness of the activity of foreign probation
services. In the way of analysis the suggestions are presented how to use more expediently the
experience of foreign probation services in work with offenders, grounding the pre–trial social person’s
research and the necessity of legalization of drawing up and presenting the pre–trial report for trial,
for more effective results.
URI
https://www3.mruni.eu/ojs/jurisprudence/article/view/3287/3085https://repository.mruni.eu/handle/007/14140
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