Kai kurie Lietuvos teisėsaugos institucijų bruožai ir veiklos principai

Abstract

The article focuses on topical notions of the Lithuanian law enforcement institutions, their distinctive features and principles. Analysis of the notion of law enforcement institutions focuses on the legislation of the Republic of Lithuania that regulates establishment and performance thereof. The article attaches certain importance to the semantics behind the notion of law enforcement itself. It is then concluded that in terms of its function the notion of law and order is wider therefore it includes the notion of law enforcement. The semantics of law enforcement indicates protection of law against an adverse action. Therefore state institutions that are assigned this function have wider remits in order to ensure legal order in the state and to protect it (hence many of institutions are referred to as law enforcement institutions in the legislation that regulates their establishment and performance). It is suggested that law enforcement institutions should be distinguished among others in terms of their functions, legal status of their employees and their place in the system of state institutions. It is concluded that the law enforcement is an undisputed function, while institutions that perform it are institutions that ensure (protect) the law and order, i.e. the law enforcement institutions. The article discusses issues relating to attribution or nonattribution of institutions that exercise judicial authority (courts and prosecutor offices) to law enforcement institutions and legal regulation of their performance. Enforcement of justice is considered to be an intrinsic part of law enforcement while the idea (principle) of justice itself is considered to be one of the goals of law enforcement. However, enforcement of justice is a very specific function of the state relating to the judicial (enforcement of justice) principles embedded in the Constitution.